With biogas upgrading being limited by the amount of energy required by separation technologies such as cryogenic distillation or liquefaction, new methods involving Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)-based membrane technology are being considered.
Membranes provide filtration of a gas stream, in the case of biogas methane (CH4) is retained while carbon dioxide (CO2) is allowed through, separating the gases and potentially allowing for the CO2 to be captured or stored.
In addition to the thickness of the membrane material, the type of material provides various levels of efficacy when it comes to gas separation. The two main types are polymeric (organic) and inorganic materials.
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